Fire Dampers in UAE

Fire dampers in UAE

Fire dampers are mechanical devices installed within HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems. Their main function is to prevent the flow of hot gasses, smoke, and flames during a fire occurrence. They are positioned strategically in ductwork, walls, floors, or ceilings. Fire dampers in UAE are vital safety devices installed in ductwork to prevent fire spread. They comply with local laws, guaranteeing that buildings uphold fire safety requirements. Fire dampers manufacturers in UAE offer safety by producing essential elements to prevent fire and smoke spread in buildings and ventilation systems.

Working principle of Fire Dampers

Fire dampers are heat-sensitive devices. The included heat response mechanism triggers the closure of the damper blades when the system temperature approaches the specified trip set point. This prevents smoke, heat, and flames from spreading to nearby office or industrial building sections.

A fire damper typically activates when a room's general temperature rises to roughly 165 degrees Fahrenheit due to the heat from the fire. The damper's door would then close due to the fusible link melting. A higher degree fusible link would be connected to the damper in rooms with consistently higher room temperatures.

Types of fire dampers

1. Motorized fire dampers:

A motorized fire dampers, which can be powered by either an electric or mechanical actuator, stops flames from spreading from one side of a fire-rated separation to the other. They are managed by a building control system, fire alarm, or signal from a heat detector.

2. Marine fire dampers:

Marine fire dampers are used to stop fire, smoke, and gas from spreading inside the ductwork of air conditioning and ventilation fire dampers systems aboard yachts, fire dampers merchant ships, navy vessels, and offshore rigs. Where air ducts pass through walls rated for two hours fire dampers are necessary.  Gas and fire dampers will automatically close in the event of a fire, limiting the amount of oxygen that may enter the area and feed and spread a fire.

3. Dynamic fire dampers:

Dynamic fire dampers, while serving the same function of halting airflow in response to a fire, differ in their triggering mechanism and installation locations compared to static fire dampers. HVAC duct fire dampers system's vertical barriers are where dynamic fire dampers are usually found. These unusual operating dampers are spring-loaded. The HVAC system, where the dynamic dampers are housed, keeps working in the event of a fire.

4. Combination fire smoke dampers:

Combination Fire Smoke Dampers are used to prevent the passage of both flame and smoke. HVAC products such as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning use a combination of fire and smoke control dampers to protect against fire and smoke penetrations through fire-rated walls and floors that expose duct and air transfer openings.

5. Intumescent fire dampers:

Intumescent fire dampers differ from regular fire dampers in that they have no moving parts. When they come into contact with high temperatures that are symptomatic of a fire, they swell to several times their original size and form an incombustible mass that closes its aperture, thus stopping the spread of hot smoke and fire. 

6. Bladed type fire dampers:

Bladed type fire dampers offer an automated way to pinpoint fire locations in ventilation systems, which significantly improves property and life safety during the early stages of a fire. It stops a fire from spreading through wall holes or ventilation ducts.

7. Type b fire dampers:

Type b fire dampers are used in situations when duct velocity or airflow are issues. The best fire damper structure keeps the stack of blades out of the air stream. A Type-B damper has a lower pressure drop and a larger total square inch of open area than a Type-A damper.

8. Fusible link fire dampers:

A fusible link fire dampers, or FD for short, is another name for it in the HVAC sector. It has a metal component that holds the damper open by default. The metal will melt in a fire because of the high surrounding temperature, closing the damper.

9. Industrial fire dampers:

Industrial air systems require industrial fire dampers as a crucial component. They stop the fire from spreading from one end of the fire barrier to the other if they notice a sudden increase in temperature.

10. Static fire dampers:

The purpose of static fire dampers is to stop airflow as soon as a fire occurs. The building's fire system sends out a signal to the HVAC system, telling it to automatically shut down in the event of a fire. Because there is no longer any air pressure in the ducts, the fans in the HVAC system shut off, which causes the static fire dampers to close. 

Fire dampers in Dubai are essential for maintaining safety, controlling airflow to prevent fire spread in buildings, and following to strict standards.

Types of blades dynamic fire dampers have

• • Curtain style:

The curtain-style blades, which are like accordion stacks, are folded and kept open at the top of the curtain fire dampers to permit unrestricted circulation while the HVAC system is operating normally. The blade stack will drop shut when the fire reaches the desired temperature and the fusible link's surround melts. This can happen due to the force of gravity, an attached spring, or a combination of the two. Circular fire dampers contain a steel curtain kept open by a fused link.

• • Multi-Blade:

The multi-blade dynamic fire damper functions similarly to a louver, with its blades separated apart and linked by a common connection to enable the blades to rotate open or closed in tandem. Whereas, the single-blade dampers include rectangular fire dampers or wafers dampers. The linkage is attached to a shaft that is wrapped with springs and kept open by a fusible link.

The shaft spring will activate, causing the damper blades to close, after the fusible link surround melts when it reaches the desired temperature. The ability of the multi-blade dynamic fire damper to manually modify the location of its blades makes it a useful tool for HVAC systems that also operate as balancing dampers.

Importance of fire dampers

1. Life Safety:

Fire dampers are essential components of building safety measures because they stop smoke and fire from spreading through ventilation systems, which offers critical protection and enables people to safely escape the affected area.

2. Property Protection:

Fire accidents may cause significant property damage that requires financial losses. By keeping damage inside the fire compartment and lowering the possibility of the fire spreading to other areas of the building, cost-effective fire dampers assist in containing the spread of fire. 

3. Smoke Control:

During fire crises, smoke inhalation is a major factor in fatalities; in fact, smoke kills more people in flames than the fire itself. Smoke control dampers are made to stop smoke from spreading, giving residents a clear path of escape and increasing firefighter visibility.  

4. Fire containment:

Using fire dampers, a building can be divided into sections, each having a different fire resistance rating. By doing this, the fire is kept from spreading quickly from one place to another, giving firefighters and rescue teams more time to confine the fire. 

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: What is the purpose of fire dampers?

A1: A fire damper's main objective is to keep flames from getting beyond a fire barrier. Installed close to the wall or floor, depending on the situation, they function as an integral part of the barrier they safeguard. Fire dampers react to heat; they slam shut when the temperature exceeds a predetermined degree.

Q2: What is the difference between a fire damper and a smoke control dampers?

A2: When the duct temperature rises to a point where a fusible link melts, a fire damper closes. When smoke is detected, a smoke control dampers closes.

Q3: What is the difference between vertical and horizontal fire dampers?

A3: For Fire Dampers, only gravity is used to operate Vertical Dampers. The blades depend on gravity to fall closed when the damper connection melts and fractures. They can only be installed on the wall vertically. The spring-operated horizontal fire dampers force the blades shut if the connection melts and fractures.

Q4: What do fire damper traders do?

A4: Fire dampers traders ensure commitment to safety rules and improve building fire protection systems by sourcing, distributing, and installing fire dampers.

Q5: What are the three types of fire dampers?